What term describes the alteration of a chemical by adding water to its molecular structure?

The correct term that describes the alteration of a chemical by adding water to its molecular structure is hydrolysis. This process involves the breaking down of compounds into smaller molecules through the interaction with water. During hydrolysis, a water molecule is consumed, resulting in the cleavage of chemical bonds and the formation of new products.

In the context of various biochemical and chemical reactions, hydrolysis plays a crucial role. For instance, it is important in the digestion of food, where complex molecules like proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are broken down into their simpler forms utilizing water. This process is also essential in various environmental and agricultural settings, as it can affect the behavior and efficacy of certain chemicals, including pesticides.

Understanding hydrolysis is significant for those involved in turf and ornamental weed management, as it can influence the breakdown of herbicides in the soil and their availability for uptake by plants. This knowledge can help in selecting appropriate weed management strategies and ensuring effective application of chemical treatments.