What is the term for the water addition process that helps break down chemicals in the soil?

The correct term for the process that involves the addition of water to help break down chemicals in the soil is hydrolysis. Hydrolysis refers specifically to a chemical reaction in which water molecules contribute to the breakdown of compounds, often resulting in the dissolution of minerals or organic materials in the soil. This process is essential for soil chemistry as it helps release nutrients that plants can then utilize for growth.

In contrast, transpiration is the process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves, contributing to water regulation but not directly involved in the breakdown of chemicals in the soil. Evaporation refers to the conversion of liquid water into vapor, typically affecting moisture levels but not participating in the chemical breakdown of soil components. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy using carbon dioxide and water, focusing on energy production rather than on the breakdown of soil chemicals.