What is the primary function of mulch in weed management?

The primary function of mulch in weed management is to suppress weed growth. When applied to the soil surface, mulch creates a barrier that limits the amount of sunlight reaching potential weed seeds. This reduction in light can prevent the seeds from germinating and growing, thereby helping to control weed populations.

Additionally, mulch can retain moisture in the soil, which benefits desired plants while further inhibiting weed growth, as many weeds thrive in dry conditions. It can also improve soil structure over time as organic mulch decomposes. Thus, the application of mulch serves as an effective cultural weed management strategy in turf and ornamental settings.

The other options do not align with the primary purpose of mulch in the context of weed management. For example, while mulch can enhance moisture retention and improve soil health, it is not primarily intended to enhance soil nutrients or promote pest invasion. Furthermore, mulch generally does not promote seed germination; rather, it often does the opposite for unwanted weed seeds.